Effects of decreasing subducting plate angle (tan vs. brown) on the overriding tectonic plate (gray). Blue and white balls represent extensional aftershocks in the upper plate after a megathrust rupture event along the solid red line (megathrust). Red dotted lines are inferred normal faults. Blue arrows depict orientation of extensional stress. When subduction angle is decreased, the volcanic arc moves away from the trench. Credit: Oryan and Buck, 2020; Nature Geosciences